What areComputer viruses?
A virus is a malicious code or program which copies itself in order to corrupt system files, programs and data. It affects the normal functioning of the computer and spread itself to other computers. A virus is mostly created for fun or to cause mischief. However, some viruses are created with an intent to steal information or to destroy data. There are various types of computer viruses which include: Macro Virus, Boot Sector Virus, File Infector Virus, Multipartite Virus, Polymorphic Virus, Corrupting Virus, Logic Bomb, Spyware, Adware, Trojans, Rootkits, Worms, Keyloggers, Ransomware, etc.
Macro Virus: A macro virus is a virus that is written in a macro language and embedded in a document or application. macro languages are mostly used in word processing applications and spreadsheets. These viruses infect the documents or applications which contain macros. Once these macros are executed, the virus gets activated and starts infecting other documents and applications.
Boot Sector Virus: A boot sector virus is a virus that infects the boot sector of a hard drive or floppy disk. The boot sector is the area of the disk which contains the bootstrap loader, a program which starts the operating system. When the computer is booted from an infected disk, the virus gets activated and corrupts the system files. The computer may become unstable or may not boot at all.
File Infector Virus: A file infector virus is a virus that infects executable files. When an infected file is executed, the virus gets activated and infects other files. The infected files may become corrupt and may not work properly.
Multipartite Virus: A multipartite virus is a virus that can infect both boot sector and executable files. It gets activated when the computer is booted from an infected disk or when an infected file is executed. The virus then infects other files and boot sectors.
Polymorphic Virus: A polymorphic virus is a virus that can change its appearance or code to avoid detection by antivirus software. It uses different encryption algorithms to encrypt its code. The virus may infect files or boot sectors.
Corrupting Virus: A corrupting virus is a virus that corrupts or modifies data on a computer. It may damage system files or application files. The virus may also delete files or format disks.
Logic Bomb: A logic bomb is a malicious code or program which is triggered when certain conditions are met. For example, a logic bomb can be programmed to delete all files on a computer when the date is January 1.
Spyware: Spyware is a type of malware that is installed on a computer to collect information about the user without their knowledge. Spyware can track the user’s web browsing habits, record keystrokes, and collect sensitive information like credit card numbers and passwords.
Adware: Adware is a type of malware that is used to display advertisements on a computer. Adware can be bundled with other software or installed without the user’s knowledge. It can be used to track the user’s web browsing habits and display targeted ads.
Trojans: Trojans are a type of malware that is disguised as a legitimate program or file. When executed, a Trojan can perform malicious actions, such as deleting files, stealing information, or installing other malware.
Rootkits: Rootkits are a type of malware that is used to gain control of a computer. Rootkits can be used to remotely access a computer, steal sensitive information, or disable security features.
Worms: Worms are a type of malware that replicates itself and spread to other computers. Worms can spread via email attachments, infected files, or by exploiting vulnerabilities in software.
Keyloggers: Keyloggers are a type of malware that is used to record keystrokes. Keyloggers can be used to steal sensitive information, such as passwords and credit card numbers.
Ransomware: Ransomware is a type of malware that is used to encrypt files and hold them hostage. Ransomware can be used to extort money from the victim.
What are some of the most common computer viruses and how can I protect my computer from them?
Most computer viruses are fairly simple and unsophisticated. They are often created by someone with a basic understanding of programming. The most common type of virus is the Self-Replicating or “Boot” Virus. This type of virus copies itself to a computer’s hard drive and modifies the system’s boot sector so that it runs automatically every time the computer is started. Boot viruses are difficult to remove because they are constantly being rewritten by the virus. The best way to protect your computer from a boot virus is to have a good anti-virus program that can detect and remove them.
Another common type of virus is the Trojan Horse. Trojan Horses do not self-replicate like boot viruses, but they can be just as damaging. Trojan Horses are usually disguised as something innocuous, like a harmless program or game. When the Trojan Horse is executed, it can do anything from deleting files to stealing passwords. The best way to protect your computer from a Trojan Horse is to be very careful about what you download and install. only download programs from trusted sources, and be sure to read reviews before installing anything.
There are many other types of computer viruses, but these are the two most common. Fortunately, there are a few simple steps you can take to protect your computer from them. Be sure to install a good anti-virus program, and be careful about what you download and install.
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